Class: 4

IMPORTANT PHOTOSHOP COMMENTS  IN A NUTSHELL-

CLTR + H = Hide selection and show selection ( toggle)

CLTR + U = Adjust Hue/ Saturation

CROP       = Cut pixels to exact dimensions. 

RUBBER/CLONE =  Select the source with ALT+ click and mask the desired  object

ERASER   = Erase 

GRADIENT = select color gradient. ( hold ALT to change to eyedropper tool)

EYEDROPPER= sample color 

SHAPES   = Line/Square/ Circle etc. Make sure "fill pixels" is selected. 

TAB          =

Tip: hit "ALT" to change to move ( explore more)

Class : 3

Pavement Treatments/ Flower Treatments / Shadows. 


1. CREATING SHADOW- ( very imp) 


1. Identify the object which needs shadow.
2. Duplicate the object/layer
3. Change name of the duplicate layer to shadow.
4. Move shadow layer beneath the original layer.
5. Change Hue of the shadow layer and make id dark/black
6. Change Opacity
7. Rotate shadow to fall it on the ground. [use transform-distort]
8. Adjust shadow as per light source.
9. Use Gaussian Blurr filter a little
10. Use "Rubber Stamp" tool to connect the shadow to the object.

2. TYPE TOOL-
Creates Text.
Use Drop shadow to make the text stand out.

3. RASTER IMAGE/ LAYER- 
Make it non- editable.

4. BLUR TOOL-
Blur tool should be used to -
soften the edges
De-focus the elements in the design.

5. SHARPEN TOOL- 
can be used to sharpen the edges, not a very effective tool though.

6. DODGE TOOL- 
Makes the layer lighter ( effective to highlight the text on top of design)

7. BURN- 
Makes the desired area darker.

8. SPONGE- 
Saturate / De-saturate the desired area.
An effective tool  to focus or de-focus the elements in the design.

9. STROKE- 
Can be used to create serrated line.

10. DRAW OBJECTS- (e.g. cylinder) 
1. Draw a slender rectangle with rectangle tool
2. use gradient tool across the rectangle to make it appear cylindrical.
3. Same technique can be used  on the circle to make it appear like a sphere.

10. PRACTICE MAKING BRICK PATTERN- 
1. make a canvas 22 x 22
2. select the tile.
3. move it to the LHS corner.
4. Magic tool- select white background and then apply inverse
5. Copy paste to create a pattern all over the canvas.

Tip: Use Filters to make the drawing appear sketching like. 
Look at various other filters for achieving various effects. 


Tip: Juxtapose a sharp and Blurred image  for a dreamy effect


Tip: Check out Steves Crices work
New Urbanism

Class: 2

1. FILL COMMAND- 
Fills the selected object with desired color.

Tip: while using brush- 
hold on  { [left bracket] : to increase the brush number
              }[right bracket]: to decrease the brush number


Tip: While using Brush tool or Fill toll hold on option key to change brush to eyedropper tool 
Tip: Use eyedropper tool to get rid of scratches on the pic. 


2. CLTR + ALT = CLONE/COPY
Tip: make a Losso/ and selection , hold CLTR + ALT to make a copy of the selection. 
Tip: Select the object/layer to be copied to avoid making a new layer. 


3. RUBBER STAMP TOOL- 

Select the source layer
Select the source color/texture
Hold down ALT to confirm/fix the source
Tip: Aligned checked-  Distance between the source and destination is FIXED. 
                    Uncheck - Distance between the source and destination is not fixed. 


4. CREATING A MASK on a layer- 

Select polygonal lasso and select the shape to be masked.
use CLTR + ALT to make a copy and Paste
Layer mask will be formed. ( on the same place but on a different layer)

5. SHAPES- 
Creates square, ellipse, circle. lines etc.
Tip: To use clone/ modify clone  the shapes make sure "select pixels " is selected. 

Class: 1

ZOOM-
1. Through tool box
2. Navigator [ zoom and pan]
3. cltr + sapce bar = zoom in
    cltr+ space + Alt = zoom out
4. cltr + "+" = zoom in
    cltr + "-" = zoom out

CHANGING RESOLUTION- [re size]
1. good printing resolution- min120/150/300
2. PSHOP>TIFF>PNG>JPEG [can use TIFF for better printing]
3. 8" x10" print- at least 1200 x1600 pixels
4. Resample- change resol [leave unchecked to conserve resol]

CHANGING EXPOSURE-
1. Color balance
2. Variation
3. Hue/Saturation [cltr + u]
Tip 1- Saturation can be used very effectively for "focus" of the design. De-saturate (grey) everything except the main focus of the design. 


FILTER- 
Most useful filter- Gaussian Blur-
Tip 2- blur the background to increase the focus of the main design element. 


CROP-
Select and crop the desired area of the picture.

UNDO- 
1. Can undo only up to 5 steps back
2. use "HISTORY" to progressively undo last commands.
3. revert- Best to the last save

CANVAS SIZE- 
Add more area to original canvas without changing  size/resol of the original pic.

SELECT- 
Manipulating the selected area-
Tip: Select area in the crosshair box and changes will be applied only within the selected box. 


Hide Selection command-  cltr + H
The image will be selected, but the selection box is not seen.

Inverse Selection - shift + cltr+ I
Select --> Modify -->feather ( for softer edges)

Lasso/Magnetic Lasso-
Select non regular shapes.
Select Tool + Shift  = Add to the selected area
Select Tool + Alt = Delete from selection

Polygonal Lasso-
Makes/ selects in a straight line
double click to finish the selection.

Magic Wand-
Very Imp tool for selection.
select "Contiguous"  for selecting connecting areas
Tolerance- lower the tolerance better precision in selection. [e.g. just one shade of color]
Tip: tolerance of 66 works best for most selections


SAVE SELECTION- VERY IMP
its a good practice to always save the critical/ time consuming selection. Very useful for modifying properties.
1. Save Selection [ give an appropriate name to the selection]
2. Reload the selection.

BLUR TOOL- 
Very important tool to blur the edges abd merge them into the background.
Tip: rotate canvas- [flip horizontal] to make sure all edges are blurred into the background.

References and Books

Urban Advantages-
http://www.urban-advantage.com/

Jane and Jacob-

Death and Life of the American City-

Riverpolis-

Photoshop Objective-

1. Emotional Engagement

2. Clarity of Illustration

3. Ecological Sustainability and Sustainable Design

4. Promotion of Healthy Social Interaction

5. Surprise Element, Out of the box thinking, Ability to offer different Identity to each place. 

6. Not fake. Fake= not real, not good, not from the heart.